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Electrical stimulation of the vagus nerve may offer a novel method of treating rheumatoid arthritis (RA) by blocking the production of inflammatory cytokines and thereby decreasing disease activity -- even among patients who had failed to respond to biologic therapies.In a study that included 17 patients with active RA, the production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) decreased from 2,900 pg/mL on day −21 to 1,776 pg/mL on day 42 (P<0.05), according to Paul-Peter Tak, MD, PhD, of the University of Amsterdam, and colleagues.And at those two time points, mean Disease Activity Scores in 28 joints (DAS28) fell from 6.05 to...

Haematology, is the branch of biology (physiology), pathology, clinical laboratory, internal medicine, and pediatrics that is concerned with the study of blood, the blood-forming organs, and blood diseases. Hematology includes the study of etiology, diagnosis, treatment, prognosis, and prevention of blood diseases. Here are some important aspects to learn about it when you first start studying haematology in medicine.1. Know the different terminology for physicians specialized in haematology. Such physicians are known as haematologists.2. Be aware that haematology is a distinct subspecialty of internal medicine, separate from but overlapping with the subspecialty of medical oncology.3. Learn about the blood diseases that...

1. Fragrant-flowered garlic-a life-saving straw for a metal matter ingestion.Grab a cluster of fragrant-flowered garlic, quick boil it in hot water with no cuts, then ingest it with some sesame oil. In this way, the metal matter can be wrapped and excreted.2. First-aid for Hemoptysis.(1) Let the patient rest in bed, keep semi-recumbent position, keep quiet, do not speak loudly and cough forcefully.(2) Apply cold towel to the chest, meanwhile,preventing the cold.(3) Take cough expectorant but avoid aminophylline.(4) Choose some hemostatics, such as styptic powder, panax notoginseng powder, bletilla striata powder,Vitamin K.(5) Get hospital treatment as soon as possible.3. First-aid for...

Daily life,accidental injury is difficult to avoid,and sometimes unpredictable,if we do not promptly treated or improper operation,it is likely to have its own or others' physical harm,therefore,have some first aid is necessary. Here are tips for your view at our daily lives often encountered little unexpected approach,it will helping and avoiding.Please be patiently read it,we need to know it clear,because these first aid is really too important for us.1.Unclean object into eyesAny small objects or liquids,even a grain of sand or a drop of detergent into the eyes,it may cause one's eye pain,or even damage the cornea. First aid measures: First,blinked hard...

Tenosynovitis may represent a preclinical phase of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In a study of individuals with anti-citrullinated protein antibody (ACPA) positivity but no signs of arthritis, tenosynovitis was found in 80%, compared with none of the controls, reported Arnd Kleyer, from the University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Germany, and co-investigators.The study suggests "that mild inflammatory lesions are present already in subjects which have developed autoimmunity specific for RA but have not yet progressed to arthritis," they wrote online in Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism. "It is remarkable but not completely surprising that we could identify morphological signs of inflammation in a substantial...